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Leaky Gut: Symptoms and Causes

leaky gutThe gut is considered to be the “Gateway to Health”. It consists of approximately 80% of the immune system. 95% of “serotonin”, the “feel-good” hormone, is also produced in the Gut. Healing and improving your gut is of the utmost importance to lead a healthy and happy life. Your gut is responsible for stomach conditions, pain and even eagerness. Poor gut health can cause various issues such as a Leaky Gut.

A Leaky Gut is one of the most puzzling illnesses/diseases to be diagnosed and to get treated. It is a very puzzling disease or illness majorly due to the gut having a very extensive and complex structure. “There is still so much science that proceeds with finding newly developed methods, where the gut can have an impact on the health of the heart to brains being young and active,” says Dr. Alessio Fasano, Director of the Center for Celiac Research and Treatment with Harvard-affiliated Massachusetts General Hospital.

What is Leaky Gut?

The digestive system is where food is broken down and nutrients are absorbed. It also plays a major role in safeguarding your body from detrimental or dangerous substances. The intestinal walls act as a barrier/hurdle to check what is passing into the bloodstream, to be carried to different organs of the body.

Water and nutrients are passed into and out of the small holes (tight junctions) in the walls of the intestine when obstructing the movement of detrimental substances. Intestinal Permeability is defined as an easy passage of the substances through the walls of the intestine. When the small holes (tight junction) of the intestinal wall become loose, the permeability of the gut increases and results in bacteria and toxins passing from the gut into the bloodstream. This event is termed as “Leaky Gut”.  

Due to Leaky Gut, toxins and bacteria enter the blood-stream, resulting in inflammation and activating a reaction from the immunity. Proponents declare that it is one of the major causes of several medical conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome, migraine, multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia, food sensitivities, thyroid abnormalities, mood swings, skin conditions, and autism.

Many Health-care professionals say that an increase in the permeability of the intestine occurs in a few chronic diseases. It is a challenge to calculate the strength of an individual’s gut barrier, so it becomes difficult to identify whether a person has a leaky gut and what impact it will have on the body.

Symptoms to Watch Out For

As per Dr. Leo Galland, the director of the Foundation for Integrated Medicine, the symptoms below could indicate a Leaky Gut.

  • Digestive issues such as chronic diarrhea, constipation, gas or bloating or IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)
  • Nutritional Deficiencies such as anemia, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin deficiencies
  • Excess weight, obesity, diabetes
  • Poor immunity such as frequent cold, flu, and infection. Auto-immune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, celiac disease or chron’s disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
  • Brain: Headaches, brain fog and memory loss and Depression/Eagerness/ADHD (Attention Deficient Hyperactive Disorder)
  • Excessive tiredness or fatigue
  • Rashes on skin such as acne, eczema
  • Cravings for refined carbs or sugar
  • Bones: Arthritis or Joint Pain and Osteoporosis
  • Seasonal Allergies or Asthma
  • Imbalance in the hormones such as PMS or PCOD i.e. Pre-menstrual Syndrome and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
  • Diagnosis of candida overgrowth
  • Food Allergies, food sensitivities or intolerances

What Causes a Leaky Gut?

There are several factors that can cause a Leaky Gut. Gluten, food, infection and toxins being a few of them. The following factors can also be considered.

  • Food Sensitivities, Candida or yeast over-growth, Parasites, Medications and Drugs
  • Excessive sugar intake and other un-healthy food affect the barrier of the wall of the intestine
  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s): Excess and too much use of NSAID’s like ibuprofen leads to leaky gut due to an increase in the wall of intestinal permeability
  • Excess alcohol intake may also cause intestinal permeability
  • Nutritional Deficiencies: Deficiencies of Vitamins such as A, D and Zinc result in increases intestinal permeability
  • Inflammation: Can also result in the leaky gut
  • Stress: Excess Stress also results in gastro-intestinal disorder, leading to leaky gut
  • Poor Gut Condition: There is a mix of good and harmful bacteria which are almost in millions in the gut. If the balance of the good and harmful bacteria is affected, it can affect the intestinal wall.
  • Yeast Overgrowth: Natural existence of yeast is there in the gut, but excess growth of yeast can lead to leaky gut

Stay tuned and stay healthy. For more topics on Gut Health, click here. If you’re experiencing any of the above symptoms, consult a doctor or speak to our experts for lifestyle changes that will help you heal. 

#BeTheForce

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for general awareness and educational purposes only. It is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalised medical guidance or concerns related to your health.

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The Weight Loss Link You May Be Missing – Dietary Minerals

dietary minerals and weight lossThe most challenging case for a Dietitian is perhaps – Weight Loss! Why – because, each case is unique and the most important task is to find out the root cause of weight gain (which, contrary to popular belief, is not always overeating or lack of physical activity). It is prudent that the underlying cause be identified and targeted, not only to ensure sustainable weight loss but also because these reasons are linked to diseases in waiting as well. Genetic predisposition, low BMR, stress, lack of sleep, hormonal disturbance, chronic mild dehydration, lack of certain dietary minerals, etc. are few recognized causes of weight gain.

However, if adjusting your diet, water intake, exercising more and controlling your stress and sleep hasn’t helped you reach a healthy body weight, check your mineral status. Mineral deficiency often happens slowly over time and can be caused by an increased need for one or more dietary minerals, lack of dietary minerals in the diet, or difficulty absorbing minerals from food. You may be suffering from deficiencies because the nutritional value of the produce has been steadily degrading for the last couple of decades. Increased intake of processed foods is another reason which deprives you of not only fiber, but many vitamins and minerals.

4 Major Dietary Minerals Associated With Weight

Since the deficiency symptoms of these minerals are largely general, they go unnoticed and hence get overlooked while diagnosing unexplained weight. Let’s discuss four major dietary minerals (or their deficiencies) that are directly or indirectly associated with your weight.

1. Chromium
It is an essential mineral that regulates insulin action and its effects on metabolism. Insulin is essentially the fat-loss gatekeeper, so anything that improves Insulin efficiency is great for fat loss. Chromium determines the way our body uses Insulin. The Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF) interacts with Insulin and regulates how much Glucose (sugar) enters a cell. GTF encourages energy production (burns calories) and may also curb feelings of hunger.

Identifying the link between Chromium and weight loss is crucial because someone who is overweight is often at high risk of becoming Insulin Resistant (Diabetic). Chromium is lost in the process of refining foods. For example, when sugarcane is refined into white sugar, 93% of Chromium is lost. Because our soils are depleted of Chromium and because we consume more processed foods nowadays, Chromium deficiency is becoming increasingly prevalent.

2. Iodine
The Thyroid Gland depends on Iodine to manufacture the Thyroid Hormone. The Thyroid’s main function is to manage the body’s metabolism. A shortage of Iodine can cause changes to the Thyroid Gland and an underactive Thyroid Gland slows your metabolism; you thus burn dramatically fewer calories and feel sluggish. Also, an underactive Thyroid Gland promotes excess weight and cellulite by causing water retention.

Inadequate intake of Iodine was once a recognized problem that was solved by universal Iodization of Salt. Salt was fortified with Potassium Iodate to ensure controlled consumption by all sections of society. Once this was done, the obvious symptoms of severe Iodine Deficiency disappeared from view, and little further thought was given to the matter, though sub-clinical symptoms remained. Today’s health conscious consumers have lowered their salt intake and now fail to get even that small amount of Iodine in their diets. Presence of Goitrogens in certain foods is another cause of Iodine deficiency arising from inadequate Iodine utilization.

3. Magnesium
It is needed to extract nutrients from food and for optimal Insulin function. The more nutrients you extract from food, the less you have to eat to feel full. When we aren’t getting what we need from our diet, the body will crave more food in an effort to obtain those vital nutrients. Magnesium is also a vital nutrient for reducing stress, which is one of the most important keys in fighting obesity.

It supports healthy Adrenal Glands that control the release of Adrenaline and Cortisol – two hormones related to stress response. While these hormones are vital to living, too much of them can cause weight gain and other health problems. Magnesium helps regulate these hormones so they are not overproduced.

One of the major causes of Magnesium deficiency is over-medicating with pharmaceutical drugs. They prevent the body from absorbing magnesium.

4. Iron
It is a critical nutrient because it is essential for the synthesis of Hemoglobin – a metalloprotein that carries oxygen from lungs to all the tissues in body. Diminished oxygen carrying capacity can leave you feeling very fatigued, lethargic and irritable. In this state, your body signals you to slow down physical activity and you may find yourself seeking opportunities to sit or lie down, thus leading to weight gain.

Also, low Iron promotes fat storage and cause abnormal blood sugar elevation. Reasons responsible for iron deficiency can be dietary as well as non-dietary. Your excess body weight too can contribute to Iron deficiency. Inflammation associated with excess body weight elevates a hormone Hepcidin, which has the net effect of reducing Iron absorption from digestive tract.

Now, before you finish reading this article and jump to quick fix by googling for these mineral supplements, a word of caution – Overdose of these minerals, especially from synthetic sources, are extremely harmful. Do not take these minerals as supplements without professional guidance. Consult a doctor, nutritionist or a dietitian before making any changes to your diet or taking any supplements.

You may improve your mineral intake by following the golden rule – Go low on processed foods and buy your foods fresh, local and seasonal to remove any possible degradation in nutrient quality. Don’t eat less, eat right and live a healthy and active life!

We hope this article on dietary minerals helps you. For further guidance on nutritional deficiencies and to lose weight in a sustainable manner, reach out to an expert by subscribing for GOQii’s Personalised Health Coaching here.

For more articles on weight loss, check out Healthy Reads.

#BeTheForce

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for general awareness and educational purposes only. It is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalised medical guidance or concerns related to your health.

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The Hidden Longevity Divide in India: How Urban Health Expectations Are Declining

The life expectancy in India has steadily increased over the years. We live longer lives compared to our past generations, and that is something to be proud of. However, a hidden reality lies beneath these figures.

The years that remain free from illness known as Healthy Life Expectancy haven’t increased at the same rate as our lifespan.

World Health Organisation (WHO) data from 2021 indicates that our healthy life expectancy at birth was approximately 58 years, a slight increase from 54 years in 2000, despite our overall life expectancy rising much faster.

The implication is clear: Urban Indians are living an increasingly larger portion of their lives afflicted by diseases. We aren’t just adding years to life; we are adding years of life with conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and cardiac issues.

To understand the forces creating this hidden divide and how to close it, let’s look at the “Four Horsemen” of urban health.

  1. Pollution: The Invisible Ager

The air pollution problem in India is vast. According to the landmark Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study, an estimated 1.67 million deaths in India were associated with air pollution.

The effects of breathing toxic air in cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata are not restricted to the lungs. It leads to systemic inflammation, accelerating ageing from within. It increases the risk of:

  • Heart attacks and strokes
  • Insulin resistance
  • Metabolic disturbances

Toxic air is an everyday stress factor that your body fights 24/7.

  1. The Urban Plate: Stuffed with Calories, Starved of Nutrients

The food environment in our cities has transformed. Traditional, home-cooked meals are being replaced by ultra-processed foods, sugary drinks, and industrial bakery products.

These foods interfere with your metabolism long before you see changes on the weighing scale. They cause spikes in insulin and inflammation—major drivers of Metabolic Syndrome.

In select cities, over 30% of the adult population faces metabolic syndrome (a combination of obesity, hypertension, and high cholesterol). This isn’t just a statistic; it is a warning that the disease burden looms large.

  1. The “Sitting” Epidemic

Physical inactivity is a public health crisis. Worldwide, almost 31% of adults do not fulfil the lowest standards of physical activity. In India, the urban corporate culture of long commutes and desk jobs exacerbates this.

Inactivity accelerates:

  • Glucose metabolism deterioration
  • Muscle wasting
  • Obesity

A 30-minute workout is great, but it cannot fully reverse the consequences of sitting in a chair for 10 hours. We need to move throughout the day, not just at the gym.

  1. The Reactive Trap: Late Diagnosis

The most devious aspect of this health shift is its timing. Issues like fatty liver or insulin resistance can lie latent for years before symptoms appear.

Most urban Indians visit a doctor only after symptoms develop. This “reactive approach” means we miss the golden window for early intervention and reversal.

Flipping the Script: How Digital Health Can Help

Here is where the picture stops being dark. Digital health isn’t just a tech trend; it is the tool we need to close the longevity gap.

  • Wearables & AI: Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGM) and fitness trackers make invisible patterns visible. You can see exactly how that samosa or that stressful meeting affects your body in real-time.
  • Upstream Care: We need to move from episodic care (hospital visits) to daily awareness. Postponing the progression of diabetes by even a few years can drastically improve your quality of life.

Conclusion: From “Living Longer” to “Living Well”

There is a strong urge to celebrate increased life expectancy, but a lifespan without vitality is not a success. A nation that lives longer but stays sick for longer incurs a heavy cost—both financial and physical.

Closing this gap demands broad changes: cleaner cities, better food choices, and intelligent workplaces. But it also requires you.

India’s hidden longevity divide is not inevitable. It is the consequence of choices we can change. The goal is to ensure your Healthspan (years of health) increases at the same rate as your Lifespan.

That is the point when “to live longer” will finally mean “to live well.”

Ready to close the gap and take control of your healthspan? Reach out to our certified experts by subscribing to GOQii’s Personalised Health Coaching here.

#BeTheForce

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for general awareness and educational purposes only. It is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalised medical guidance or concerns related to your health.

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Ideal Weekly Workout Routine For Beginners

weekly workout routine for beginners

As health is among the top priorities in our life, being healthy, immune to all types of infections, diseases and getting fit are the avenues for the same now. If you’re thinking about getting fit, and as we have stepped into the new year, don’t just take up a gym membership but work on consistency and have a plan.

As per the American College of Sports Medicine recommendation, a healthy person needs at least 30 mins of exercise every day to maintain physical health, mental health, immunity, and prevent chronic diseases for all age groups. So, here’s an ideal weekly workout routine for beginners you can follow and stick to!

Get Motivated For Your Weekly Workout Routine 

Every day of the week may not go as we plan. But if we are determined to be fit, we can set aside some time for exercise every day. If you are a beginner, creating a workout schedule for every week would be a better choice than just having a vague idea about staying active every day. Find out a strong reason for yourself as to why you need to workout every day. This should be a reminder to maintain consistency in order to achieve your goal.

Getting Started On Your Weekly Workout Routine 

Beginning a workout can be confusing and intimidating as to where and how to start. Once you find out the ideal time, duration, and location for you to exercise, think about the obstacles that can come your way. Slot a backup time to avoid missing the workout.

For example, if you set a goal to walk for 30 mins, completing about 5-6k steps, and that doesn’t happen due to some unplanned situations, walk more at work, take the steps instead of the elevator, walk while you talk over the phone just to complete the intended number of steps for the day.

Here are some points to remember before you begin:

  • Start with short duration but be consistent: It can be 15-20 mins workout rather than an hour of workout at a stretch in a day. Make sure to plan your workout for at least 5 days in a week with a short term specific, measurable goal.
  • Keep a track of how your energy levels are getting better: Notice what other benefits you are getting out of exercise like improved quality of sleep, reduced stress, and increased appetite instead of just keeping a track of numbers on your weighing scale or inch loss.
  • Plan your workout: Schedule it according to your entire week’s schedule taking into consideration your work, personal life and family time, etc.
  • Choose different types of workouts: Pick activities that you are interested in and you are comfortable doing. Make a list of physical activities that you enjoy. It can be dance, running, walking, sports like football, badminton, tennis, volleyball, basketball, cricket, weight training, or yoga.

Week 1

weekly workout routine for beginnersDay 1: Cardio exercises

  • Start with 5 minutes warm-up exercises at a slow to moderate pace to slowly increase the heart rate 
  • Switch to 20 mins of cardio exercise. It can include aerobic exercises, brisk walk, interval running outside, cycling, stationary bike, swimming, Zumba or any type of dance, or any type of sport. Pay attention to your energy level and breath. You should ideally be able to talk without going out of breath while exercising to know your comfortability. People who want to do running can begin with 1 min of running and 3 mins of walking initially. 
  • Stretch for 5 mins to cool down to gradually bring down the heart rate back to normal 

Day 2: Strength training

  • Warm-up exercises for 5 Minutes 
  • Easy Strength training exercises for 25 mins: As a beginner, it’s better, to begin with, bodyweight training initially. Some of the exercises that come under this can be jumping jacks, push-ups, squats, lunges, burpees, mountain climbers, shoulder bridge, crunches, planks and reverse lunges with just one set each and about 10 repetitions each. There can be 10 seconds of rest in between each set. 
  • Cooldown workout for 5 mins

Day 3: Yoga/Dance

  • Warm-up with 5 Surya namaskars/ jumping jacks
  • Easy Standing and sitting Yoga postures or Dance of your choice for 25 mins. It’s always better to learn yoga postures through a trainer to learn about breathing patterns and the correct postures.
  • Cooldown workout for 5 mins  

Day 4: Strength training

  • Warm-up exercises for 5 Minutes 
  • Easy Strength training exercises for 25 mins. This can be repeated the same as day 2.
  • Cooldown workout for 5 mins 

Day 5: Cardio exercises

  • Warm-up exercises for 5 Minutes 
  • Easy Cardio exercise for 25 mins. This can be repeated the same as day 1. 
  • Cooldown workout for 5 mins 

Day 6: Strength training

  • Warm-up exercises for 5 Minutes 
  • Easy Strength training exercises for 25 mins. This can be repeated the same as day 2
  • Cooldown workout for 5 mins

Day 7: Rest day 

Active rest, which means low-intensity exercise like stretching and casual walking, are suggested on this day to stay active, increase the blood flow to the muscles for good healing, and reduce soreness. 

Week 2

workout The routine of week 1 can be repeated on week 2 as well. People who are training for running can increase the duration of running to 3 mins of running and 1 min of walk.

  • Day 1: Cardio exercise for 25 mins with warm-up and cool down 
  • Day 2: Strength training exercise for 25 mins (15 reps of 1 set each) with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 3: Yoga, Pilates, dance, or stretching for 25 mins with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 4: Strength training exercises for 25 mins (15 reps of 1 set each) with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 5: Cardio exercise for 25 mins with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 6: Strength training exercise for 25 mins (15 reps of 1 set each) with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 7: Rest day

Week 3 and Week 4

kettlebellRepeat the same routine for week 3 while increasing the duration, speed, and intensity of the workout this week. Small changes can be made with your workout to keep it interesting. For strength training, 2 sets can be done with 12 repetitions. If you feel this routine is easy one can also try other workouts like HIIT, kettlebell, resistance band workout, and weight training depending on their energy level and comfortability. This can include exercises that involve different muscle groups of the body like shoulder, arms, chest, abdomen, back, hips, glutes, thigh, and legs. 

These workouts have to be done again with the combination of cardio workouts on alternate days with one day as a Rest day. People who are running can switch to 4 mins running and 1 min walking, if they are comfortable. The idea here is to gradually increase the intensity of the workout so that the body is getting adjusted to the workouts easily without any injuries and exhaustion. 

  • Day 1: Cardio exercise for 25 mins with warm-up and cool down 
  • Day 2: Strength training exercise for 25 mins (15 reps of 2 set each) with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 3: Yoga, Pilates, dance, or stretching for 25 mins with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 4: Strength training exercise/HIIT for 25 mins (15 reps of 2 sets each) with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 5: Cardio exercise for 25 mins with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 6: Strength training exercise  for 25 mins (15 reps of 2 sets each) with warm-up and cool down
  • Day 7: Rest day

Proper warm-up and cool-down exercises are critical here to prevent injuries and for better healing. Muscle soreness can be common during the first week of exercise. But don’t give up. You will slowly get over it as you continue the workouts. 

One needs to pay attention to their diet with good protein, complex carbs, and fibers. Not to forget good hydration and quality sleep. If you have any health conditions like heart problems, diabetes, back pain, neck pain, knee pain, vertigo, arthritis, post-COVID or balance-related issues, get the clearance from your doctor. Certain types of exercises can be contraindicated in some of the conditions. It’s always ideal to have a personal coach or fitness trainer to learn how to go about a proper exercise routine, balanced diet, and healthy lifestyle tailored for your health condition and body type. 

For any additional help on getting started from the comfort of your home, you can sign up for our live, interactive GOQii Pro Classes where our fitness experts will guide and motivate you. You can book a class now from the GOQii App. 

Hope this weekly workout routine for beginners helps you. Do let us know your thoughts in the comments below!  

#BeTheForce 

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for general awareness and educational purposes only. It is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalised medical guidance or concerns related to your health. Images shown are for representation purposes only and may not depict the exact recommendations or outcomes.

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