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You might have heard of the term belly fat, but you might not be aware of terms like subcutaneous and visceral fat. Subcutaneous fat is the kind you can grasp with your hand on any part of your body. It sits under the skin. Belly fat, or what experts call visceral fat, is a particularly dangerous type of fat that forms inside the abdomen. It surrounds internal organs like the liver and intestines, and is also known as ‘active fat’ because it influences how hormones function in the body.

You can have too much belly fat even with a normal BMI. So, pay attention to your waist circumference rather than the number on the scale.

How To Measure It

1. Waist size: This is an easy way to get a rough estimate. Wrap a tape measure around your waist over your belly button (don’t suck in your stomach). For women, 35 inches or more is a sign of visceral fat. For men, it’s 40 inches.
2. BMI: Body mass index is a formula for how much you weigh relative to your height. A BMI of 30 or higher is overweight. That could be a sign of visceral fat. In Asia, a BMI of 23 or higher could be a concern.
   
3. Waist-to-hip ratio: Divide your waist size by your hip size. Some doctors think this gives a good indication of your risk for visceral fat. But studies suggest it may be no better than a simple waist measurement.
   
4. Body shape: Look in the mirror. If you’re an apple – a big trunk and slimmer legs – it often means more visceral fat, which is more common among men. Women are more likely to be pears with bigger hips and thighs. Research shows that upper body fat is more dangerous to your health, which might be one reason why women usually live longer than men.
5. Imaging tests: These scans are the only way to check the exact amount of visceral fat you have. If your doctor orders a CT scan or an MRI for another medical condition, they can also assess your visceral fat.
   

Risks & Dangers Of Excess Visceral Fat

• Increased Inflammation: If you have more fat stored than needed, especially around visceral organs like the liver, heart, kidneys, pancreas, and intestines, your body becomes inflamed. This fat stores inflammatory white blood cells and is linked with cognitive decline, arthritis, diabetes, and more.
• Higher Risk of Diabetes: Visceral fat plays a significant role in insulin resistance, heightening the risk of developing diabetes. Abdominal fat is viewed as a bigger health risk than hip or thigh fat. While men are more likely to store visible visceral fat, women are also at risk.
• Makes It Harder to Lose Weight: Stored body fat, especially visceral fat, affects hunger levels. Leptin, a hormone released by stored fat, regulates appetite, metabolism, and weight. When you eat refined carbs such as white flour and sugar, fat-storing hormones are produced in excess, raising your body’s “set point” and making it hard to follow a moderate, healthy diet.
• Higher Risk for Heart Disease and Strokes: Inflammatory cytokines produced by fat contribute to heart disease and other inflammatory disorders. Visceral fat is linked to cardiovascular risk factors like high triglycerides, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol.
• More Likely to Battle Dementia: Studies show that people with larger waistlines have a higher risk of dementia. In fact, many experts believe visceral fat levels (rather than BMI) are a more relevant risk factor in dementia development.
• Increased Risk of Depression and Mood Disorders: Visceral fat is metabolically active and can interfere with hormones and neurotransmitter function. Depression is especially associated with greater fat storage in women. In one study, visceral fat – not subcutaneous belly fat or waist circumference – was linked with depressive symptoms in women over 50.

How Can You Reduce Visceral Fat? 

• Exercise: A mix of cardiovascular exercise (e.g. running, cycling, swimming, aerobics, circuit training) and strength training (e.g. squats, weights, push-ups) helps reduce visceral fat.
• Manage Stress: Chronic stress raises cortisol, which increases fat storage around the abdomen. Relaxation techniques like meditation, deep breathing, and other stress management practices can support fat loss.
• Balance Diet: Focus on whole foods—fruits, vegetables, whole grains (quinoa, millets, oats), and lean proteins (skinless chicken, fish, eggs, beans). Calcium and Vitamin D are also associated with lower visceral fat. Include leafy greens, tofu, sardines, and low-fat dairy products.

Boiling, steaming, baking, and grilling are healthier cooking methods. Avoid trans fats (often found in processed foods and deep-fried items) and reduce sugar intake. Check labels for ingredients like “partially hydrogenated oils” or “high-fructose corn syrup.”

We hope this article helps you! If you are keen on losing weight in a healthy, sustainable way, you can reach out to an expert by subscribing for Personalised Health Coaching here.

For more articles on weight loss, check out Healthy Reads.

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Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for general awareness and educational purposes only. It is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalised medical guidance or concerns related to your health. Images shown are for representation purposes only and may not depict the exact recommendations or outcomes.