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Barley and Ragi: The Best Grains For Diabetes & Their Benefits

Best grains for diabetes If you’re diagnosed with Diabetes, white rice and anything made with white flour such as bread or pasta and other refined grains are off the table. This leaves us with little options. Out of these limited options, Barley and Ragi can work wonders if you want to stop those surges in blood sugar. Here’s why we think Barley and Ragi are the best grains for diabetes.

Why Are Barley and Ragi The Best Grains For Diabetes?

Barley is a wonder grain, not only for diabetics, but for everyone. This grain helps diabetics specifically because it is high in fiber content (soluble and insoluble) which makes it a low GI food. Consuming Barley will not raise your blood sugar levels like a piece of bread or a cup of polished white rice would.

If you’re wondering how Barley achieves that, it’s because of the Beta Glucan fibers in it. Thanks to these fibers, the release of sugars in the bloodstream is slowed and when consumed, it helps a person keep their sugar levels well within the target zones – for post prandial – that is post meal sugar, as well as the fasting sugar levels, which improve because consuming barley keeps you satiated for a longer duration, so you are less hungry and eat less frequently.

Moreover, Barley is a good source of magnesium which is very important for diabetics as deficiency of magnesium is known to cause insulin resistance, and a magnesium-rich diet helps in improving insulin sensitivity of cells which results in better blood sugar control. 1 cup of barley consumption covers 61% of your daily magnesium requirement.

What Is The Best Way To Consume Barley? 

Make sure to go for hull-less Barley which is the truly whole grain variety of Barley. More processed type is known as pearl Barley and may have less nutrient density as compared to hull-less Barley. The way to consume it is by adding it to soups, stuffing, flour, etc. or by having barley water more commonly known as ‘Jau Ka Pani’ which is prepared by soaking a cup of barley overnight. Adding Barley in a diabetic diet serves a lot of benefits!

How Does Ragi Help Manage Diabetes? 

If we speak of Ragi, it also comes from the millet family and contains higher amounts of calcium and phosphorus as compared to some other cereals and grains. Diabetics who have gluten resistance and cannot consume wheat or barley can opt for Ragi as it is gluten-free. Ragi also has very less cholesterol and very high antioxidant activity, which helps meet the overall nutritional requirement for a diabetic. 

However, it’s best to consume Ragi in moderation and rotate with other whole grains for best benefits on sugar control. For diabetics, the best approach to carbohydrate consumption is to stick to rotation of whole grain foods.

We hope this article on the best grains for diabetes helps you. For more on managing diabetes, check out Healthy Reads. 

For further guidance and motivation by certified experts, join the GOQii Diabetes Care program. It’s India’s only diabetes program that is driven by Smart Science and Personal Coaching to improve Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Postprandial Blood Sugar (PP), reduce HbA1c levels and let you win gold! You can subscribe here: https://store.goqii.com/diabetescare.

#BeTheForce 

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9 Diabetes Friendly Grains Beyond Brown Rice

diabetes friendly grainsDiabetes is one of the most prevalent conditions throughout the world. Be it Type 1, Type 2 or Gestational. As soon as we realize that we have Diabetes, we immediately start controlling our sweet tooth in order to keep our sugar consumption under control. But apart from cutting down on sweets and adding less sugar to your tea/coffee, it is also extremely important to understand that we have to limit our calorie intake and add foods which have a low glycemic index to our diet.

Low Glycemic Index foods are those which take a longer time to get digested and therefore, release the sugars in our blood at a slow pace. This, in turn, prevents sudden spikes in blood sugar levels. So if you’ve been replacing your white rice, which has a high glycemic index, with brown rice, there are some other diabetes friendly grains you can explore.

9 Diabetes Friendly Grains You Can Consume

  1. Amarnath: Gluten free, high protein (15-18%), a great source of calcium, fiber, iron, potassium, and many other vitamins and minerals.
    How to cook: Add 2 cups water to 1 cup amaranth grain, bring to a boil, and then simmer for 15-20 minutes.
  2. Foxtail millet: Gluten-free, high in dietary fiber, Low Glycemic index, reduces the levels of triglycerides, LDL and VLDL, magnesium present in millets is a co-factor in various enzymes involved in the secretion of insulin and metabolism of glucose in the body
    How to cook:  Pressure cook 1 cup of foxtail millet with 2.5 cups water and 1/2 tsp salt for three whistles. Turn off the flame.
  3. Quinoa: Highest protein content, gluten-free, rich in fiber, iron, and magnesium. It is easy to cook as well.
    How to cook: Pressure cook 1 cup of quinoa with 2.5 cups water for three whistles. Simmer for 5 minutes and turn off the flame.
  4. Kodo Millet: High fiber and energy content and tastes like rice. Kodo Millet contains Copper, deficiency of which impairs sugar tolerance. Research has identified anti-diabetic compounds i.e. Quercetin and Phenolic acids which are present in Kodo Millet.
    How to cook:  Pressure cook 1 cup of Kodo Millet with 2.5 cups water and 1/2 tsp salt for two whistles. Turn off the flame.
  5. Buckwheat: High in magnesium, phytonutrients, and dietary fiber and is gluten-free as well.
    How to cook: Add 2 cups water to 1 cup buckwheat grain, bring to a boil, then simmer for 20 minutes.
  6. Little Millet: Low cholesterol, gluten-free, high in protein and dietary fiber.
    How to cook: Pressure cook 1 cup of little millet with 2.5 cups water and 1/2 tsp salt for two whistles. Turn off the flame.
  7. Barnyard Millet: Gluten-free,  has the highest fiber and iron content of all the millets.
    How to cook: Pressure cook 1 cup of Barnyard Millet with 2.5 cups water and 1/2 tsp salt for two whistles. Turn off the flame.
  8. Barley: High in soluble fiber which prevents the carbohydrates from getting absorbed too quickly and raising blood sugar levels. Low glycemic index and high in magnesium as well.
    How to cook: Pressure cook 1 cup of Barley with 3 cups water for about 25 minutes after the first whistle.
  9. Rye: A very good source of dietary fiber, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin B1. It’s a rich source of magnesium too.
    How to cook: Soak 1 cup of rye grain for about 2 hours. Combine the grains with 4 cups of water in a pan, bring to a boil, simmer, close with a lid and cook for about 45 minutes.

There you have it! 9 diabetes friendly grains that are great alternatives to white rice or in case you want to switch from brown rice. Before making any dietary changes, consult a doctor or your nutritionist for further guidance and in case you have any allergies.

We hope this article helps you! Do leave your thoughts in the comments below. For more on managing diabetes, check out Healthy Reads.

For further guidance and motivation by certified experts, join the GOQii Diabetes Care program. It’s India’s only diabetes program that is driven by Smart Science and Personal Coaching to improve Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Postprandial Blood Sugar (PP), reduce HbA1c levels and let you win gold! You can subscribe here: https://store.goqii.com/diabetescare.

Let’s #DefeatDiabetes and #BeTheForce 

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Is it Safe to Include Grains in Your Diet?

grainsCan you imagine a plate of food without grains? It has been a staple for us since forever! There’s always that crushing sense of dissatisfaction if grain-based foods are missing from our plates even for a single day. As a large component of our diet for the longest time, why is it that most people are now moving towards a ‘no grains’ diet or keeping it to a minimum? One of the reasons people avoid grains is due to digestive issues – common ones being acid reflux, bloating, gas, abdominal cramps, flatulence, etc.

Are Grain Really Hard to Digest?  

Studies and various researches have revealed that there are some factors listed here which make grains hard to digest.

  • Fiber: Insoluble Fiber is that part of the grain that the body can’t break down and digest into a simpler form. Instead, it passes through the body undigested. On one hand, insoluble fibers are good for us as they work as cleaning agents of our digestive system and on the other, they may cause gastrointestinal discomfort in some with weak digestive health.
  • Anti-Nutrients: Grains also contain anti-nutrients like Phytic acid and lectins which reduce the absorption of minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium, copper and zinc from a meal and may cause mineral deficiency. Humans need minerals to perform various functions, from building bones to transmitting nerve impulses, to make hormones and maintain a normal heartbeat.
  • Enzyme Inhibitors: Various types of enzyme inhibitors are found in grains including protease inhibitors and amylase inhibitors. Enzyme inhibitors can block enzymes action. Enzymes kick-start the digestion process. Presence of enzyme inhibitors confines the digestion process to act properly and timely. This results in rotting of such food which further leads to situations such as bloating, gas trouble and cramps.
  • Disaccharides: Simple sugars or monosaccharides are directly absorbed into the bloodstream, while disaccharides are two single sugars that are linked together. Grains contain disaccharide that needs to be broken down first before being absorbed in the bloodstream. Disaccharide is broken down into monosaccharide by enzymes called disaccharidases which are present in the brush like border called villi of the small intestine wall. Any kind of inflammatory damage to the cells in the small intestine lead to disaccharidase enzyme not being produced and lead to disaccharide intolerance. Disaccharide intolerance is the inability to break apart the disaccharide into two single sugars and absorb them. This often leads to uncomfortable digestive symptoms.
  • Complex Protein: Grains contain the complex protein Gluten that the body can’t easily break down. The human body needs food to be in the simplest form in order to absorb and use it. While most people won’t have much difficulty digesting whole grains, some with conditions such as gluten intolerance may experience adverse effects when eating gluten-containing grains. Gluten intolerance causes digestive issues such as bloating, gas and diarrhoea. Celiac disease is a more serious condition in which gluten causes the immune system to attack the small intestine. Gluten is also known to cause Leaky Gut. Gluten is present in barley, rye and wheat.

Tips to Make Grains Digestion Friendly

  1. Fiber absorbs water. One should drink plenty of liquids to ensure that the fiber absorbs enough water to pass through the system easily.
  2. Most of the anti-nutrients are found in the skin and anti-nutrients are water-soluble. Hence, soaking grains reduces the anti-nutrients effect. It’s recommended that grains must be soaked in water and should be washed before cooking (e.g. rice) so that the anti-nutrients are separated.
  3. Sprouting or germination reduces phytate in grains and degrades lectins and protease inhibitors.
  4. Fermentation of grains leads to a significant reduction in phytate and lectins (idli, sourdough bread). Fermenting helps break down the tough outer cover of a grain, making it easier to digest and reinforce the gut flora with pro-digestive microbes.
  5. Incorporate probiotics like yogurt, kimchi, kombucha and kefir along with grain-based foods to improve overall digestion and heal the gut.
  6. Chewing is the first step of digestion. The more you chew, the more saliva gets secreted that has digestive enzyme amylase present in it which makes digestion easier. Chewing makes food small enough for the digestive juices in the stomach to further digest it effectively.
  7. In case of gluten sensitivity, avoid gluten-containing grains such as wheat, barley and rye. Go for gluten-free grains like oats, quinoa, rice and sorghum to subside the symptoms. When the gut heals, the symptoms subside. 

While you may experience issues with some grains, that doesn’t mean you should avoid the entire food group. Maintaining a diet diary can help find the trigger and then you can consult a medical professional, dietician or a nutritionist for changes! We hope this article helps you make a positive change in your eating habits.

For more topics on grains, leaky gut, Celiac disease, tune in to our experts on GOQii Play.

#BeTheForce 

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Do Grains Cause a Leaky Gut?

leaky gut

If you’re suffering from chronic diarrhea, constipation, gas or bloating coupled with a poor immune system, your issue might be more than something to do with ‘what you ate last night’. There’s a fair chance that you might be suffering from a leaky gut.

What is a Leaky Gut?

A Leaky Gut, as the word suggests, literally means that the gut/intestine is leaking. Technically, the permeability of intestinal mucosa increases and as a result, a protein called Zonulin and consequently bacteria, toxins, digestive metabolites, and bacterial toxins leak into the bloodstream.

This increases the toxic build-up in the body which manifests itself on the skin, colon, hormones, lungs, liver, lymph and kidneys in the form of bloating, diarrhea and constipation. Autoimmune response could include rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Celiac disease, migraines, a weak immune system and hormonal imbalances, etc.

The exact cause of a Leaky Gut is not known, but potential causes include a poor diet, chronic stress, toxin overload and imbalances in the gut microbiome or dysbiosis.

The Role of Grains in Increasing Gut Permeability 

Dietary guidelines advise one to eat adequate amounts of (whole) grain products per day and are promoted as the fiber-rich foundation of a healthy diet. The question is, are grains really necessary as a part of our diet or can they be harmful?

Yes, grains are the main source of our energy for daily activities, brain function and even supply us with Vitamins B Complex and minerals like Zinc, Chromium, Iron, Calcium, Magnesium and Manganese, etc. that boost numerous biochemical reactions taking place in our body every moment. Having said that, grains & legumes also contain certain anti-nutritional compound/chemicals which can make them inflammatory and can affect some people.

What are the Anti-Nutritional Compounds in Grains? 

1. Gluten
Gluten is the main structural protein complex of grains like Wheat, Rye and Barley.  They are incredibly widespread in modern diets due to the increased intake of processed/refined flour food products such as bread, cakes, pastries, sauces, ready meals and breakfast cereals.

Research has shown that in a person with gluten sensitivity, ingesting gluten significantly increases intestinal permeability immediately after the consumption. Studies have shown that the daily consumption of wheat products and other related cereal grains could contribute to the manifestation of chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases.

Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that gliadin, by releasing Zonulin and wheat germ agglutinin can both increase intestinal permeability and activate the immune system and have also been confirmed in human studies.

2. Lectins
Grains have different types of lectins but all are not harmful. The harmful ones are Agglutinins and Prolamins. Agglutinins are a natural insecticide to protect crops from insects. But to get a higher yield of crop, grains are genetically modified (GM) to produce more of their natural insecticides which in turn make the grain inflammatory.

Prolamins are also not easily digested and most grains contain a Prolamin similar in structure to gluten. For example, Orzenin in rice or Avenin in oats or Gliadins in wheat.

3. Phytates and Phytic Acid
Phytates and Phytic Acid in the seeds of grains inhibits digestion and absorption of certain minerals (specifically zinc, iron, and calcium) by binding with them in the gut. These are vital for our immune system to function properly. Usually, a small amount of Phytates in diet does not cause a problem, as long as you’re getting adequate nutrients from the rest of your food. But mineral deficiencies may result when grains form the staple diet.

How Can You Manage a Leaky Gut? 

  1. Go for gluten-free grains like bajra, rice, maize, and gluten-free oats. Even ‘gluten-free food products available in the market contain some food additives, food preservatives, some amount of fibre and added sugar which can further damage the gut lining. So, beware and read the nutritional label!
  2. Go for non-GMO and heirloom varieties of seeds that are passed down from generation to generation. Make sure to soak grains overnight in water mixed with a little bit of lemon juice or apple cider vinegar, sprout and slow cook them. These methods also activate Phytase, an enzyme present in the plant that breaks down Phytates.
  3. Don’t rush through your food, chew it slowly and thoroughly so that small particles of food can be well digested and absorbed in the intestine.
  4. Adopt an anti-inflammatory eating plan. Include plenty of colourful, fresh fruit and vegetables, seeds, soaked nuts, plant protein such as beans and lentils and oily fish. At the same time, exclude sugar, processed foods, red meat and alcohol. Fermented foods can replenish natural gut bacteria. Try curd, fermented pickle, sauerkraut, kefir or kombucha.
  5. Vegetables from the nightshade family (Solanaceae) like tomatoes, peppers, eggplant (brinjal) and potatoes, are high in lectins that can damage the gut lining. They don’t even breakdown while cooking. So those with autoimmune diseases should avoid these vegetables as well.

If grains are the staple food, they may obstruct digestion and contribute to a leaky gut. For those with autoimmune diseases or gluten sensitivity, it would be wise to completely exclude grains, pseudo-grains, legumes and nightshades. Also avoid nuts and seeds if they cause any inflammation. Once the intestinal gaps heals, medicines are reduced or stopped and there are no symptom, you may have these foods once in a while.

Medically, Leaky Gut Syndrome is a hypothetical, unrecognized condition.

We hope this article helps you! Do leave your thoughts and questions in the comments below!

#BeTheForce 

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