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July 6, 2015 By Anushree Ashtekar Leave a Comment

10 Squat Variations You Need To Know

Squats are one of the most common exercises that one can do on a daily basis. In strength training, Squat is a compound, power movement, in which the full body gets exercised. Squat primarily trains the muscles of the thighs, buttocks and hips.

The following muscles are mainly engaged while doing a squat:-

Quadriceps (Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis and vastus intermedius and rectus femoris)
Gluteus maximus (the largest muscle in the buttock region)
Hamstrings (semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris). Hamstrings do not work mainly but, assist in the squat movement.

The secondary muscles, which stabilize the body while performing squats are:-

Erector spinae (it is the name of a muscle group in the back )
Transverse abdominus
The gluteal group muscles (gluteus medius and gluteus minimus); abductor muscles
The adductor group of muscles
Gastrocnemius
Soleus

Squat not only helps in developing musculoskeletal strength and size of the legs and buttocks but, also helps in developing core strength (strengthening the abdominal and paraspinal muscles). For power generation in the body, it is vital for the core muscles to be strong.

When performed with proper form and technique, squat not only trains the legs, buttocks and core muscles but, also muscles of the back, arms, trunk coastal and shoulder muscles.

In the strength sports of power-lifting, Squats is one of the three lifts which include dead-lift and bench press.

Proper form and technique of doing a squat:

First of all, a good warm up is essential before starting with any exercise for better blood circulation to the joints and muscles. This reduces the risk of injuries.

The stance: Feet slightly wider than the shoulder (heel slightly wider than the shoulder) with toes facing slightly outwards. The knee must be aligned with the toes to avoid any injury.

Range of motion: You must squat to a level where the femur (thigh) is parallel to the floor. You can also go a little below than this range provided, the tension on the muscle is maintained; i.e. you must not completely sit down.

Breathing technique: Before starting the downward movement, exhale from your mouth and breathe in through your nose. Fill your lungs and abdominal cavity with air. While squatting, withhold the air. This is called as the ‘Valsalva Manoeuvre’. This compressed air in the abdominal cavity will make the body tight and rigid and will give good stability to the spine. Keeping your body rigid during power movements is very crucial.

Squat variations:

Squat exercises are versatile. They can be done almost anywhere, with or without external weights. Squat exercises are movements that we perform in our daily life. The greatest benefit of doing squat exercises is that, they help in improving our functionality i.e. improves our performance in our day to day activities.

Squat exercises can be done using weights and equipments. Also, they can be done using your own body weight.

Listed below are certain squat variations that can be done anywhere, using your own body weight.

Regular Squat: This is the basic form of squat. Here, you stand with your feet slightly wider than the shoulders, with toes pointing slightly out. Hold your arms straight out, with palms facing downwards or put your hands straight up or you can cross your hands. Do not rest the hands on your thighs. Tighten your body, maintain a neutral spine (try to keep your back as straight as possible), jutt your buttocks out (as if trying to sit on a chair) and then squat. See to it that your knees must not cross your toes. However, this will depend upon many factors like flexibility and length of the limbs. The knees must be aligned to the direction of the toes. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jGQ8_IMPQOY
Sumo Squat: The technique here is the same as back squats. Only here, you take the Sumo stance, i.e. the legs are wide apart with toes pointing slightly outward. Direction of the knees aligned with the toes. In Sumo Squat, the inner thigh muscles (adductor muscles) are also trained effectively. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ZuXKqRbT9k
Pulse Squat: Here, the stance and technique is the same as back squat. The only difference is that, instead of the rhythmic up and down, you go down till your femur is parallel to the floor. Then, in this position, move up and down, maintaining the tension on the thigh muscles. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRq3nQc8XzI
Wall Squat: Here, you stand against a wall with legs extended outward. Stretch your arms out, palms facing down. The chest out, back straight and then you squat. Go down till your thighs are parallel to the floor. Keep holding this position and feel the burn. When it starts getting unbearable, get back to relax position. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XULOKw4E4P4
Chair Squat: Here, you keep your legs together, keep your arms outstretched or raised up and squat. Keep in mind to jutt your hip out from behind and keep your chest out. Maintain the rigidity of the body. This variation of squat, mimics the action of sitting on the chair. This type of squat can be given to beginners who are learning the form and technique to squat. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nu8DUisv9U8
Single-leg Squat: This one is a little difficult to do but, it will help in correcting muscular imbalances, if you have one leg dominant over the other. You can raise one leg in front or at the back; whatever you feel easier to balance. Then perform the squat. Try not to touch the raised leg to the ground. You can also take the support of the wall or chair if needed. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nu8DUisv9U8
Jump Squat: This is a plyometric movement. This technique of squat will not only train your muscles but will also add some cardio-vascular training. Here, the stance and technique is the same; only when you reach halfway down, then jump and land softly on your feet. Swing your arms for the momentum. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4s4mEQ5VqU
Squat Jacks: This is also a plyometric movement. A combination of squat and jumping jacks. Take the squat position. Then perform jumping jacks (jump spread your legs apart and bring them together) in this halfway squat position. Do not come out of the squat position till finish all the repetitions. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LK3jSsdQ7M4
Squat Hold: This exercise isometrically contracts the muscles. You can do a Basic Squat hold and a Sumo Squat hold. Go halfway down and hold the position for some time. Feel the burn. When it gets unbearable, then relax. Static Squat helps in improving the flexibility of the hip flexor muscles. This helps us to improve in running and other activities. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5BFpmzzLbs
Burpee Squat: It is a combination of burpee and squat. Here, you start with sitting down with the knees tucked to your chest, between your arms. Then, you hop your legs out and go into a plank position and then again jump your legs in and get into a low squat position. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JUlZMV1KG4

June 11, 2015 By Neha Morche Leave a Comment

QUINOA SUPERGRAIN of 21st CENTURY

Quinoa is a grain like any other grains or cereals that we consume on a daily basis and is definitely a better option to include and to avoid monotony in our daily routine. It is obtained from plant which tastes like spinach. Although it is mostly eaten in Northern America, it is now getting worldwide recognition. Quinoa is a whole grain which has striking health benefits.

Quinoa is a very good source of manganese, phosphorus, copper, magnesium, dietary fibre, folate , and zinc, protein, antioxidants than any other grain including Vitamin B6, thiamin, niacin, potassium, and riboflavin, vitamin E and MUFA(mono unsaturated fatty acids)..Quinoa is a perfect food to include on a gluten-free diet, since it lacks gluten.

It is available in red, light yellow and black colour in market. It is a very interesting grain as it expands than its original size on cooking, here we will have an idea of cooking:

Uses:

Always rinse Quinoa till soapy texture gets washed away (as it has saponin ; a toxic chemical substance) also it has bitter taste after repetitive wash. If the soapy texture does not go then rubbing it may help. Mixture of Quinoa and water should be 1:2 ratio, boil it, approximately it takes 15 minutes to cook. Once it gets cooked the germ gets detached and it looks translucent. If roasted on low heat before cooking it gives it a nuttier flavor. It can be refrigerated for 3 to 6 months.

It can be used as sprouts, in soups, porridge for breakfast; cooked Quinoa can be used in sandwiches and tossed over pasta. Quinoa can be mixed with brown rice and vegetables…and also you can make yummy Quinoa pudding. It can be popped like popcorn which children enjoy.

Pros :

It has good amount proteins for wear and tear of the tissues.
Good for hypertension (low in cholesterol and sodium ), breathing problems and migraine pain as it relaxes blood vessels.
It has abundance of fibre which improves digestion, hinders excess secretion of bile.
It is good sources of calcium for bones.
It is gluten free, which is good cereal option for people having gluten allergy.
Manganese and copper acts as an antioxidant which prevents from free radicals produced in the body.
It reduces triglycerides compared to gluten free breads and pastas.

We have seen the benefits of Quinoa but, let me tell you it does have oxalates which should be avoided in oxalate restricted diets (kidney stones).

So let’s try and inculcate some new stuff in your diet to become more healthy.

June 2, 2015 By Mohammed Tufail Qureshi Leave a Comment

WORKOUTS IN A 10 SQUARE FEET AREA

One of the biggest reasons for not exercising is largely due to lack of time and not being able to make it to the gym. Reasons could be varied such as dislike to visit the gym and lift weights, especially for women. Well, it’s not necessary for you to go to the gym, you can work out at your own home, office cabin or at any place which is just no more than 10 square feet in measurement.

Yes , you heard it right. You can do your complete body workout in just 10 square feet area. Let’s have a detailed look at the different types of training you can do in a little place.

You can do aerobic (cardio) exercises with your own body weight and also with a very basic equipment like a skipping rope.

You can do exercises like jumping jacks, mountain climbers, burpees, high knees, spot jogging, spot jumping, hot feets etc. These are few of the very basic and effective exercises to raise your heart beat up and build cardio vascular strength. Per session you can select 3-4 exercise as a part of the session and can do each exercise for 15-20 seconds and then take 5-10 seconds of rest between each exercise.

You can do strength training with your own body weight or basic equipment like resistance tube or a pair of dumbells or barbells. You can do free hand body weight exercises like squats, jump squats, wall squats, push-ups, supported push-ups (on your knees), tricep dips on a chair or on the floor, leg raises , lunges, leg extensions on chair. Also with a pair of dumbbell or barbells or with resistance band you can do bicep curls , triceps extensions, shoulder presses, rowing , squats, lunges etc.
You can do a specific core workout session which includes exercises to be done for lower back and abs. Core session is extremely important. Exercises like back extension, superman raises , child pose, cat & camel thrust , pelvic raises will strengthen and stretch your lower back. On the other hand, exercises like crunches, bicycle crunches, leg raises, scissor kicks, flutter kicks, planks, side planks etc. will work on your abdominal muscles.
You can do stretching exercises, yoga, power yoga and different types of breathing exercises. Stretching exercises, Yoga, power yoga and breathing exercises will improve your flexibility and burn fats as well. Yes, that’s right. Oxygen burns fats, so the more you focus on breathing exercises the more you burn fat and keep your cells healthy by providing oxygen to your body.

These are the exercises which you can do in a very small place like 10 square feet area and, can still focus on your overall fitness by improving strength, stamina and flexibility. You can plan it well according to your schedule and do each of these variety exercises at least once in a week.

May 19, 2015 By Hardika Vira Leave a Comment

Did you know about Syndrome X?

Syndrome X is also known as metabolic syndrome, cardio metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance syndrome, Reaven’s syndrome (named after Gerald Reaven an American endocrinologist and professor at Stanford University who has worked upon insulin resistance and diabetes), and CHAOS (in Australia). It’s one of the leading lifestyle related disorders.

As is defined by Wikipedia-Syndrome X is a disorder of energy utilization and storage, diagnosed by a co-occurrence of three out of five of the following medical conditions: abdominal (central) obesity, elevated blood pressure (Hypertension), elevated fasting plasma glucose (Diabetes/ insulin resistance), high serum triglycerides (hypertriglyceridemia), and low high-density cholesterol (HDL) levels.

In today’s times you will seldom find people with one single issue. You more often meet people with multiple issues for e.g.: You will see a person who is diabetic also has hypertension, and has a big belly at the same time. So, would you categorize this person as a diabetic or hypertensive or obese? Well, None of these! It is Metabolic Syndrome

How do you categorize a person suffering from metabolic syndrome?

He should have any of these 3 categories positive. As per American Heart Association(2004)

Elevated waist circumference:
- Men — greater than 40 inches (102 cm)
- Women — greater than 35 inches (88 cm)
Elevated triglycerides: Equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L)
Reduced HDL (“good”) cholesterol:
- Men — Less than 40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L)
- Women — Less than 50 mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L)
Elevated blood pressure: Equal to or greater than 130/85 mm Hg or use of medication for hypertension

Elevated fasting glucose: Equal to or greater than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or use of medication for hyperglycemia

Let us concentrate on the prevention part rather than treatment as we already know prevention is better than cure. The prevention for Metabolic Syndrome is same as its treatment.

Exercise daily for 30-60 minutes. Exercising increases the insulin sensitivity, helps reduce waist circumference, manages blood pressure and also improve HDL cholesterol. Exercise daily / Being active whole day is the requirement
Lose weight if overweight. Nearing your IBW (Ideal Body Weight) helps to reduce the pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries to supply blood to all parts of the body. It also helps in better glucose uptake. Reducing even 10% of your body weight helps you control diabetes, blood pressure and weight
Eat healthy and keep a check on the portions – Include a good amount of fruits and veggies in your daily diet. They are rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals. Fiber helps in maintaining blood sugar levels, choose whole grains and their products over the refined ones, choose low fat dairy products and lean proteins over red meat as red meat is high in fats and sodium. Go easy on saturated fats and trans fats like butter, ghee, margarine, vanaspati ghee, bakery products. Restrict cholesterol consumption to less than 300 mg/ day. Generally non-veg foods contain cholesterol. Veg sources do not contain cholesterol. Make it a point to check the nutritional label of the packaged foodstuff that you pick for cholesterol and Sodium content.
Quit smoking and alcohol- Getting rid of your habits reduces the risk factor to a large extent by preventing damage to your organs. Alcohol raises triglyceride levels, helps increases belly fat and smoking induces chain reaction which destroys other organs too.
Reduce stress levels- Stress hormone cortisol is known to increase blood sugar levels and create a negative impact on your body as well. Practicing deep breathing exercises and getting involved into your hobbies / recreational activities help curb the stress levels

Practicing these would not only help you lower the risk factors but also help lower your medication.